Acute stress disorder : 5 Best Homeopathic Treatments

The basic response of the body is the same as in the normal stress reaction, but the symptoms are more severe and last for a longer period.

Acute stress disorder lasts no more than 4 weeks.

It is generally accept that having symptoms after a stressful event is normal for up to about 48 hours, but after this point the majority of people will have recovered.

Many kinds of highly stressful event can provoke an acute stress disorder, for example involvement in an either accident or fire, physical assault, or rape.

Since the stress response does not become abnormal in everyone exposed to the same events, there must be some kind of personal predisposition, but it is not known what this is.

Acute stress disorder can occur among bystanders as well as those directly involved, and among those involved in rescuing or caring for others.

Psychological theories:

• A variety of psychological mechanisms are probably at work in acute stress disorder, but dissociation is the most studied.
• It is thought that dissociation reduces the negative consequences of trauma by restricting awareness of the event and thereby preventing the person from being overwhelmed by the traumatic experience.
• Unfortunately, this prevents recovery as it does not allow the experience to be processed also integrated into existing coping mechanisms.
• A similar problem occurs when a person uses avoidance strategies excessively.

Biological theories:

• The main theory is based upon classical conditioning.
• When a traumatic event occurs (an unconditioned stimulus), people respond with fear (unconditioned response).
• As reminders of the trauma occur (conditioned stimulus), people then respond with fear reactions (conditioned response).
• It is thought that in some people, the stress response becomes sensitized to repeated stimuli, and a larger response is produced to each stimulus.
• Those people who suffer a panic attack during a traumatic event are very likely to experience increasing panic attacks in the few weeks afterwards. 

The exact reason why most people recover after a traumatic event but few develop acute stress disorder (ASD) remains unknown. Various models were developed to explain the response to traumatic events. The majority of them are related to “fear conditioning.” It is a form of Pavlovian learning that when a traumatic stimulus (e.g., explosion) occurs together with a neutral stimulus (e.g., smell) or context (e.g., night time), in the future encounters of the neutral stimulus or context, the brain, and the body exhibits the same fear responses (even in the absence of the traumatic stimulus)

Most healthy people adapt to fear conditioning by extinction learning – a gradual reduction in response to the traumatic stimulus. If this mechanism fails, the patient continues to re-experience fearful symptoms of the initial traumatic event.

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scans of PTSD patients have shown hypoactivity of the frontal cortex and hyperactivity of the temporal cortex, demonstrating the possibility of a correlation between PTSD and neural functioning. A more recent study showed hyperactivation of the superior prefrontal and cingulate cortex and medial posterior precuneus.

Increased arousal:

• Anxiety and panic attacks
• Restlessness, impaired concentration, and purposeless activity
• Irritability, depression, anger, or despair

• Insomnia

‘Dissociative’ symptoms:

• Emotional numbness and ‘being in a daze’
• Reduced awareness of surroundings
• Difficulty in recall of the stressful events
• Depersonalization and derealization

‘Re-experiencing’ symptoms”:

• Flashbacks
• Recurrent images or thoughts
• Disturbing dreams

Avoidance of reminders of the stressful events

Maladaptive coping strategies

Acute stress disorder is diagnos when symptoms last from 2 days up to 4 weeks. 

DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for acute stress disorder:

1. Exposure to a traumatic event in which the following were present:

• Either Actual or threatened death or serious injury, or a threat to the physical integrity of self or others;
• The person’s response involved intense fear, helplessness, or horror.

2. Due to the distressing event, the individual has at least three of the following dissociative symptoms:

• A subjective sense of numbing, detachment, or absence of emotional responsiveness;
• A reduction in awareness of his or her surroundings;
• Derealization;
• Depersonalization;
• Dissociative amnesia.

3. The traumatic event is persistently re-experienced through recurrent images, thoughts, dreams, illusions, flashback episodes, or a sense of reliving the experience.

4. Marked avoidance of stimuli that arouse recollections of the trauma.

5. After that, Marked symptoms of anxiety or increased arousal.

6. The disturbance leads to, clinically significant distress.

7. The disturbance lasts for a minimum of 2 days and a maximum of 4 weeks and occurs within 4 weeks of the traumatic event.

8. The disturbance is not due to the direct physiological effects of a substance or a general medical condition, is not better accounted for by Brief Psychotic Disorder, and is not merely an exacerbation of a pre-existing Axis I or Axis II disorder. 

• Adjustment Disorders

• Brief Psychotic Disorder

• Depression Dissociative Disorders

• Postconcussion Syndrome

• Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Substance abuse

Research on prevention strategies for stress-related disorders has taken a number of avenues, including intervention before and after trauma and the use of both psychosocial and somatic approaches.

Despite advances in neurobiological understanding of response to trauma, clinical evidence for preventive interventions remains sparse. This review provides an overview of prevention approaches also summarizes the existing literature on prevention of ASD and PTSD, including clinical and preclinical studies.

Given the potential benefits to trauma survivors and society, the development of effective preventive interventions should be given greater priority.

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Homeopathic Medicines for Acute Stress Disorder:

The homeopathic remedies (medicines) given below indicate the therapeutic affinity but this is not a complete and definite guide to the homeopathy treatment of this condition. The symptoms listed against each homeopathic remedy may not be directly related to this disease because in homeopathy general symptoms and constitutional indications also taken into account for selecting a remedy, potency and repetition of dose by Homeopathic doctor.

So, here we describe homeopathic medicine only for reference and education purpose. Do not take medicines without consulting registered homeopathic doctor (BHMS or M.D. Homeopath).

1. Arsenicum album:

• This remedy covers a lot of fears and anxieties that lead to obsessive-compulsive behaviors. Your mind can’t stop playing the same trauma over and over again.
• You can only focus on the negative-worrying, perhaps, that something bad will happen either to you or a loved one. In addition, you may overly concerned about germs or your health, to the point of hypochondria.

2. Aconitum napellus:

• Often follows a sudden, unexpected trauma, such as an earthquake or car accident.
• A deep fear of death sends you into a panic state.
• You can feel your heart beating at a rapid pace that comes on all of a sudden.
• You may feel faint, along with perspiration and trembling.
• Things that would not have bothered you before can trigger panic attacks, such as driving on a freeway, getting into an elevator, or flying in an airplane.
• “I went to the supermarket and on the way in the car, I thought I would die,” is the type of statement you might make.

3. Argentum nitricum:

• Very anxious, especially about health.
• I call it “Monkey Brain,” when patients can only focus on their health or lack of it, convinced that every minor ache or ailment is the symptom of a fatal disease, and tend to go from doctor to doctor to get diagnoses.
• Lots of fear- for example heights, crowds, small spaces, etc.
• They have a need to express their feelings in an impulsive way with anyone who will listen.
• They have a feeling of impending doom, such as some evil force is coming for them.

4. Stramonium:

• Night fears and nightmares.
• Fear of the dark, animals, violence, especially when being alone.
• Terrifying nightmares, waking up panic-stricken and full of anxiety. Similarly, anxiety turns into destructive and malicious behavior, an out-of-control feeling, and anger.
• The fears are so deep that they bring on panic.
• Patients can’t stand to be alone. Their reaction to fear is violence.
• They feel they need to protect themselves, so are always on the attack.

5. Lyssinum:

• Hypersensitive to sound, light, smell, also even others’ emotions. Furthermore, their emotions are raw, like exposed nerves.
• They feel they are being torment or ridiculed, also have a dread that something bad will happen to them.
• May have many phobias, such as fear of driving, flying, injury, suffocation.
• May also fear being alone, even though they tend to do better by themselves in a quiet room without much light.
• They have an irrational fear of water, either seeing it or just thinking of it.
• They have bitten by an animal and had fears since then.

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• Balanced Diet: Focus on consuming a balanced diet that includes a variety of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and healthy fats. This provides essential nutrients that support overall health and mental well-being.

• Omega-3 Fatty Acids: Incorporate foods rich in omega-3 fatty acids, such as fatty fish (salmon, mackerel, sardines), flaxseeds, chia seeds, walnuts, and hemp seeds. Omega-3s have been linked to improved mood and may help reduce symptoms of anxiety and depression.

• Limit Caffeine and Alcohol: Limit intake of caffeine and alcohol, as they can exacerbate feelings of anxiety and stress. Instead, opt for herbal teas or water to stay hydrated.

• Reduce Sugar and Processed Foods: Minimize consumption of sugary snacks, processed foods, and beverages high in added sugars. These can lead to fluctuations in blood sugar levels, which may negatively impact mood and energy levels.

• Stay Hydrated: Drink plenty of water throughout the day to stay hydrated. Dehydration can contribute to feelings of fatigue and worsen stress levels.

Homeopathic Medicines use by Homeopathic Doctors in treatment of  Acute Stress Disorder ?

• Arsenicum album
• Aconitum napellus
• Argentum nitricum
• Stramonium
• Lyssinum

What are the symptoms of Acute Stress Disorder

• Anxiety and panic attacks
• Restlessness, impaired concentration
• Purposeless activity
• Irritability, depression, anger, despair

• Insomnia

• Reduced awareness of surroundings
• Difficulty in recall of the stressful events
• Disturbing dreams

1. Psychiatry , Fourth Edition- Oxford Medical Publications – SRG- by Geddes, Jonathan Price, Rebecca McKnight / Ch 23.

2. https://www.betternutrition.com/natural-rx/homeopathic-remedies-stress-anxiety-ptsd

3. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK560815/
4. https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/2192581-differential
5. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4677144/